In this episode of The Good GP, host Dr Tim Koh is joined by Dr Bhavesh Patel, a Queensland-based paediatric surgeon, to discuss the assessment and management of scrotal problems in boys, a common area of concern for general practitioners.

Dr Patel outlines the common scrotal issues encountered in newborns and children, including hydroceles, inguinal hernias, undescended testes, and varicoceles. He explains the typical presentations of these conditions and highlights key distinctions, such as the differences between retractile and undescended testes, as well as the nuances of diagnosing these conditions in a clinical setting.

Providing guidance on the natural history and management of hydroceles, saying that most hydroceles resolve without intervention within the first 1–2 years of life.

On the subject of undescended and retractile testes, Dr Patel advises on clinical assessment, the importance of careful examination, and when follow-up is necessary. They also address counselling parents regarding potential long-term risks, monitoring strategies, and indications for referral.

Additionally, they also covered the evaluation of inguinal hernias presenting as scrotal swellings and the differential diagnosis of other less common scrotal conditions, such as lymphatic malformations and testicular tumours.

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