Théorie de la dictature
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Théorie de la dictature
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Narrated by:
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Hugues Martel
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By:
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Michel Onfray
About this listen
Il est admis que 1984 et La Ferme des animaux d'Orwell permettent de penser les dictatures du XXe siècle. Je pose l'hypothèse qu'ils permettent également de concevoir les dictatures de toujours.
Comment instaurer aujourd'hui une dictature d'un type nouveau ?
J'ai pour ce faire dégagé sept pistes : détruire la liberté ; appauvrir la langue ; abolir la vérité ; supprimer l'histoire ; nier la nature ; propager la haine ; aspirer à l'Empire. Chacun de ces temps est composé de moments particuliers.
Pour détruire la liberté, il faut : assurer une surveillance perpétuelle ; ruiner la vie personnelle ; supprimer la solitude ; se réjouir des fêtes obligatoires ; uniformiser l'opinion ; dénoncer le crime par la pensée.
- Pour appauvrir la langue, il faut : pratiquer une langue nouvelle ; utiliser le double langage ; détruire des mots ; oraliser la langue ; parler une langue unique ; supprimer les classiques ;
- Pour abolir la vérité, il faut : enseigner l'idéologie ; instrumentaliser la presse ; propager de fausses nouvelles ; produire le réel ;
- Pour supprimer l'histoire, il faut : effacer le passé ; réécrire l'histoire ; inventer la mémoire ; détruire les livres ; industrialiser la littérature ;
- Pour nier la nature, il faut : détruire la pulsion de vie ; organiser la frustration sexuelle ; hygiéniser la vie ; procréer médicalement ;
- Pour propager la haine, il faut : se créer un ennemi ; fomenter des guerres ; psychiatriser la pensée critique ; achever le dernier homme ;
- Pour aspirer à l'Empire, il faut : formater les enfants ; administrer l'opposition ; gouverner avec les élites ; asservir grâce au progrès ; dissimuler le pouvoir.
Qui dira que nous n'y sommes pas ? M.O.
Né en 1959, Michel Onfray est docteur en philosophie, et auteur de plus de cent livres traduits dans plus de vingt-cinq pays.
©2020 Pour les extraits de 1984 : © Gallimard .Pour les extraits de La Ferme des animaux : .© Éditions Champ Libre/Ivrea, Paris, 1981 et 2009 .© Éditions Robert Laffont, S.A.S., Paris, 2019.℗ Lizzie, un département d'Univers Poche, Paris, 2020 (P)2020 Lizzie, un département d'Univers Poche, ParisRelated to this topic
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- Ioana
- 12-03-22
Orwell explained for those who didn’t read him
Onfray proposes a detailed lecture of both 1984 and the Animals‘ Farm and how these two pieces reflect in the present. The final chapter contains a sharp critique of the philosophical movement following 1968, including Foucault.
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