In this chapter, the author explores the developmental stages and interests of children around the pivotal age of two and a half years. Before reaching this age, children are primarily focused on developing their own personalities with minimal interaction with others. However, after two and a half years, they become more sociable and show increased interest in the people around them.

The author emphasizes the importance of providing children with social experiences and opportunities for observation and discovery during this developmental period. One of the key recommendations is to take children on long walks, allowing them to observe and explore their environment at their own pace. This approach stimulates their interest in the natural world and encourages exploration.

It is crucial, according to the author, to obtain the child's consent before going on these walks and to involve them in the preparation for the outing. Walking should not be seen merely as physical exercise but as a valuable opportunity for the child to observe and engage with their surroundings. The role of the adult during these walks is to follow and protect the child, ensuring their safety while they explore.

The chapter concludes by highlighting the significance of contact with nature and the observation of the natural world in a child's development and understanding. The author stresses that society must provide for these needs in alignment with the progress of civilization. The concept of Houses of Children is introduced as a solution to these social issues, aiming to meet the developmental needs of children and support their growth in a structured and nurturing environment.