In this episode of Going anti-Viral, Dr Michael Saag speaks with Dr Sandra Springer from the Yale School of Medicine about the substance use disorder epidemic. Dr Springer describes the history of the epidemic and the recent crisis of overdose deaths in the United States. She talks about the increase in overdose deaths since 1999 due to prescription opioids. Dr Saag and Dr Springer review how HIV practitioners can manage patients with substance abuse disorder, including a discussion of how to manage patients undergoing withdrawal. Finally, they address harm reduction strategies available to practitioners and new data showing a reduction in overdose deaths, providing long-term hope for the effectiveness of these strategies. But they note that more research, funding, and outreach is needed to meet the risks that opioid and non-opioid substances pose in the future.

0:00 – Introduction

1:22 – Magnitude of the substance use disorder epidemic

2:31 – Factors that led to the increase in deaths after 1999

3:54 – Background on widespread fentanyl use

5:22 – Impact of prescription opioids for chronic pain management on addictions

7:52 – HIV healthcare practitioners’ role in managing patients with substance use disorders

10:15 – Management of withdrawal, including long-term management options

18:33 – Harm reduction strategies and the use of naloxone to prevent overdose deaths

23:04 – Review of new data showing reduction in overdose deaths in the United States

24:19 – Closing remarks and expectations for the next 10 years

IAS–USA resources on substance use disorders:

-- MATE Act CME - https://www.iasusa.org/dea-compliant-cme-resource-center/

-- Fellow Resources: https://www.iasusa.org/fellow-student-resources/

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Produced by IAS-USA, Going anti–Viral is a podcast for clinicians involved in research and care in HIV, its complications, and other viral infections. This podcast is intended as a technical source of information for specialists in this field, but anyone listening will enjoy learning more about the state of modern medicine around viral infections.

Going anti-Viral’s host is Dr Michael Saag, a physician, prominent HIV researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and volunteer IAS–USA board member. In most episodes, Dr Saag interviews an expert in infectious diseases or emerging pandemics about their area of specialty and current developments in the field. Other episodes are drawn from the IAS–USA vast catalogue of panel discussions, Dialogues, and other audio from various meetings and conferences.

Email podcast@iasusa.org to send feedback, show suggestions, or questions to be answered on a later episode.

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In this episode of Going anti-Viral, Dr Michael Saag speaks with Dr Andrew Pavia from the University of Utah about influenza A, specifically the H5N1 strain. Dr Pavia describes the progression of H5N1 and its recent impacts on poultry and other animal populations, including an overview of a recent outbreak among dairy cattle and whether there is a risk to humans exposed on farms and the milk supply at large. They discuss how influenza vaccines are determined each year and the timing of when best to recommend vaccination. They describe treatment options for influenza and their effectiveness against H5N1. Finally, they address public health measures taken during influenza outbreaks and the COVID-19 pandemic, offering lessons learned for future influenza outbreaks in humans.

0:00 – Introduction

1:32 – Overview of influenza

2:54 – Human susceptibility to influenza

5:20 –Types of influenza and evolution of H5N1 from birds to mammals

9:24 – Natural history of transmission in humans

12:34 – Current outbreak of H5N1 in dairy cattle and risk to the milk supply

16:48 – Overview of influenza vaccines and immunity

18:47 – Optimal time to get the influenza vaccine and combined vaccination for COVID-19

23:36 – Treatment options with onset of influenza symptoms and H5N1 is resistance

30:00 – Lessons learned from public health measures taken to protect against outbreaks of influenza and COVID-19

__________________________________________________

Produced by IAS-USA, Going anti–Viral is a podcast for clinicians involved in research and care in HIV, its complications, and other viral infections. This podcast is intended as a technical source of information for specialists in this field, but anyone listening will enjoy learning more about the state of modern medicine around viral infections.

Going anti-Viral’s host is Dr Michael Saag, a physician, prominent HIV researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and volunteer IAS–USA board member. In most episodes, Dr Saag interviews an expert in infectious diseases or emerging pandemics about their area of specialty and current developments in the field. Other episodes are drawn from the IAS–USA vast catalogue of panel discussions, Dialogues, and other audio from various meetings and conferences.

Email podcast@iasusa.org to send feedback, show suggestions, or questions to be answered on a later episode.

Follow Going anti-Viral on:
Apple Podcasts
YouTube
X
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...

In this episode of Going anti-Viral, Dr Michael Saag speaks with Dr Timothy Wilkin from the University of California San Diego about the human papillomavirus (HPV) and anal cancer with options for screening, prevention, and vaccination.

They provide an overview of HPV and the types of HPV that lead to cancer. They discuss screening and prevention for anal cancer at HIV and PrEP clinics. They also discuss the findings of the ANCHOR study that demonstrated that high-resolution anoscopy screening detects and prevents anal cancer caused by HPV. Finally, they review HPV vaccination, its effectiveness, and the challenges with uptake of the vaccine in the population at large.

0:00 – Introduction

1:32 – Overview of HPV

3:01 – HPV and cancer

4:43 – Screening and prevention for anal cancer at HIV and PrEP clinics

9:38 – Findings of the ANCHOR study – efficacy of high resolution anoscopy in detecting anal cancer caused by HPV.

11:32 – Barriers to screening and treatment

15:05 – HPV vaccination - recommendations and efficacy

18:10 – Challenges with HPV vaccination uptake

24:30 – Next ten years of HPV and closing remarks

Resources and articles:

Single dose HPV vaccine article
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35693874/

ANCHOR trial
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35704479/

CDC OI HPV guidelines
https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-opportunistic-infections/human

International Anal Neoplasia Society (guidelines and HRA training)
https://www.iansoc.org

__________________________________________________

Produced by IAS-USA, Going anti–Viral is a podcast for clinicians involved in research and care in HIV, its complications, and other viral infections. This podcast is intended as a technical source of information for specialists in this field, but anyone listening will enjoy learning more about the state of modern medicine around viral infections.

Going anti-Viral’s host is Dr Michael Saag, a physician, prominent HIV researcher at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and volunteer IAS–USA board member. In most episodes, Dr Saag interviews an expert in infectious diseases or emerging pandemics about their area of specialty and current developments in the field. Other episodes are drawn from the IAS–USA vast catalogue of panel discussions, Dialogues, and other audio from various meetings and conferences.

Email podcast@iasusa.org to send feedback, show suggestions, or questions to be answered on a later episode.

Follow Going anti-Viral on:
Apple Podcasts
YouTube
X
Facebook
Instagram
...