WISDOM - “The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.” (Socrates). AI knows everything but doesn’t have the human characteristics key to wisdom. Jonas Salk’s words over 30 years ago, seem even truer today “At one time we had wisdom, but little knowledge. Now we have a great deal of knowledge, but do we have enough wisdom to deal with that knowledge?”

CONSCIOUSNESS - “I think therefore I am.” said Rene Descartes. His words have not helped scientists agree on what consciousness is, never mind creating self-aware AI machines. And if they did, would we want it? In the classic movie Space Odyssey, once it has become conscious, HAL cannot be controlled and plots to kill the crew.

Doubt is now being engineered into the most cutting-edge AI algorithms to expand their learning capabilities. If an AI knows how uncertain it is, then it is already one step ahead of humans - as it can handle the unpredictable, random nature of the real world with the knowledge that decisions are rarely black-and-white but rather shades of grey.

INDEPENDENCE - “It seems probable that once the machine thinking method had started, it would not take long to outstrip our feeble powers… They would be able to converse with each other to sharpen their wits. At some stage therefore, we should have to expect the machines to take control.” Alan Turing. 1950

PERFORMANCE - Robots may not yet, like Superman, be ‘faster than a speeding bullet’ but they have no limit in terms of ‘faster, higher, stronger.’ However, they are not perfect, yet. Optimisation, therefore, of the seemingly limitless power is now the goal. The expert view is that there is a one in two chance of AI agents outperforming humans in almost every task by the end of the century.

WONDER - Science fiction writers, from Jules Verne to Mary Shelley to Isaac Asimov, have woven their narratives around some wonder of invention, or science gone wrong. This often leads to the creation of a being of superpower or a robot which starts as slave and ends as master. Will AI prove a wonder too far?

CURIOSITY - “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious.” Stephen Hawkins. By using curiosity the AI agent learns how to do all the things it needs to explore the world, like jump and kill enemies. It doesn’t even get penalized for dying”

EMOTION - "I think the point when an AI programme... can write a novel that can make me cry, that shows that we've crossed some kind of remarkable line because it shows that AI can understand human emotions and it has the capacity for empathy … and what troubles me about that is that it is very difficult for humans to keep control of that situation.” Kazuo Ishiguro