Salian Emperors and Investiture Controversy

By: Dirk Hoffmann-Becking
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  • Summary

  • A narrative history of the Salian Emperors and their epic struggle with the papacy in weekly 25-25 minute episodes. Note, this is season 2 of the History of the Germans Podcast republished as a separate podcast. The century of Salian rule from 1024 to 1125 is the crucial turning point not just for German, but for European history more generally. It is in this period that the Investiture Controversy pits Popes against Emperors. The dispute is nominally about the role secular powers play in the selection of bishops and abbots. But in reality, it is about much more than that. It is about whether the monarch acts as the representative of God, or as mere mortal, subject to Papal authority. It is about whether Europe becomes a coherent political entity ruled by an all-powerful emperor or whether it becomes a fragmented system of interlocking states, cities, and lordships under a parallel church infrastructure. It is about whether Europe becomes a uniform society or the diverse structure that will give birth both to endless warfare and misery as well as the Reformation, the Renaissance, and the Enlightenment (to name just a few). move from the unexpected election of Konrad II to his son Henry III becoming the undisputed senior ruler in Western Europe. The backlash against the emerging command monarchy culminates in Emperor Henry IV kneeling in the snow outside the Castle of Canossa begging Pope Gregor VII to receive him back into the mother church.
    Copyright 2024 Dirk Hoffmann-Becking
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Episodes
  • Ep. 1 (22) - Konrad II, Who Would Have Thought - Electing a most unlikely successor to Henry II

    Ep. 1 (22) - Konrad II, Who Would Have Thought - Electing a most unlikely successor to Henry II
    Apr 27 2024

    On July 13th, 1024 Emperor Henry II died without an heir. not only that, but his family has so comprehensively died out, there is not a single descendant in the male line left. Fear of unrest and civil war grips the inhabitants of the empire.

    An election is called for early September, as quickly as such things could be organised in the 11th century. The upper echelons of society debate a long list of candidates before agreeing on a shortlist of just two, both named Konrad, both from the same clan of Salian Franks.

    Medieval imperial elections have little in common with today's elections. there are no set rules about the electors, the purpose is not to determine the will of the people but to unveil the will of God. Decisions are unanimous, mainly because dissenters leave before the votes are cast.

    Ultimately Konrad the elder (1024-1039) a giant of a man at 2m tall is elected. He appears in all and everything the opposite of his predecessor. But that may be just appearance...

    The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.

    As always:

    Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.com

    Facebook: @HOTGPod

    Twitter: @germanshistory

    Instagram: history_of_the_germans

    Reddit: u/historyofthegermans

    Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Historyofthegermans

    To make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season.

    So far I have:

    The Ottonians:

    The Hanseatic League

    The Teutonic Knights

    The Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356
    Show more Show less
    37 mins
  • Ep. 2 (23) - Duke Ernst, Rebel and Legend - A medieval story about loyalty and friendship

    Ep. 2 (23) - Duke Ernst, Rebel and Legend - A medieval story about loyalty and friendship
    May 3 2024

    In this episode Emperor Konrad II (1024-1039) consolidates his reign adding a secular leg to his control of the imperial church by placing his son Henry on the ducal throne of Bavaria,. This is the first of many ducal and royal titles he will acquire.

    This push for centralised control leads to a rebellion, led by the emperor's 16-year old stepson, duke Ernst II of Swabia (1012-1030). Ernst fights bravely but when his vassals put the oath to the emperor above the fidelity they owe the duke, he has to succumb. Konrad first locks him up but is prepared to reinstate him if he hands over his friend and loyal vassal Werner of Kiburg. When Ernst refuses he becomes an outlaw and - in the legend - has great adventures in weird and foreign lands where the Flat Hoofs and the Grippians live...

    The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.

    As always:

    Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.com

    Facebook: @HOTGPod

    Twitter: @germanshistory

    Instagram: history_of_the_germans

    Reddit: u/historyofthegermans

    Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Historyofthegermans

    To make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season.

    So far I have:

    The Ottonians:

    The Hanseatic League

    The Teutonic Knights

    The Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356
    Show more Show less
    32 mins
  • Ep. 3 (24) - Konrad II's Acquisition of Burgundy - The last addition to the Empire

    Ep. 3 (24) - Konrad II's Acquisition of Burgundy - The last addition to the Empire
    May 10 2024

    The event looming over Imperial politics since around 1000 is the Burgundian succession. King Rudolf III is childless leaving several contenders with varying degrees of blood relations. If Henry II who was a nephew of Rudolf III had outlived the king of Burgundy, thigs would have been easy. But the old codger outlived the sickly emperor. His successor, Konrad II had no real inheritance right to Burgundy, apart from what came from the tips of spears. Follow the epic fight against Odo of Blois over the ultimately modest riches of the Burgundian Kingdom…

    The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.

    As always:

    Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.com

    Facebook: @HOTGPod

    Twitter: @germanshistory

    Instagram: history_of_the_germans

    Reddit: u/historyofthegermans

    Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Historyofthegermans

    To make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season.

    So far I have:

    The Ottonians:

    The Hanseatic League

    The Teutonic Knights

    The Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356
    Show more Show less
    30 mins

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