Today we discuss CSS, and the preprocessors + variations such as SCSS, SASS, CSS Modules, and Styled Components.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a declarative language that controls how webpages look in the browser. The browser applies CSS style declarations to selected elements to display them properly. A style declaration contains the properties and their values, which determine how a webpage looks.

A CSS preprocessor is a program that lets you generate CSS from the preprocessor's own unique syntax. There are many CSS preprocessors to choose from, however most CSS preprocessors will add some features that don't exist in pure CSS, such as mixin, nesting selector, inheritance selector, and so on. These features make the CSS structure more readable and easier to maintain. SASS, SCSS, and LESS are examples of these

A CSS Module is a CSS file in which all class names and animation names are scoped locally by default. The key words here are scoped locally. With CSS Modules, your CSS class names become similar to local variables in JavaScript. By the way, a 'CSS Module' is just a .css file. You call it a 'CSS Module' if you plan on using it with a CSS Modules compiler.

Styled Components are tagged template literals combined with the power of CSS, which allows you to write actual CSS code to style your components. It also removes the mapping between components and styles – using components as a low-level styling construct could not be easier!

Resources

• CSS Preprocessors
• SASS vs SCSS vs LESS
• CSS Modules
• Styled Components

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