Giving birth and raising a family. For many people with MS, the path to achieving those goals contains more questions than answers. Questions about timing — which should come first, pregnancy or disease stability on a DMT? Questions about genetics — can MS be passed on to the baby? Questions about fertility — is in vitro fertilization safe and effective, and how much does it increase disease activity? Questions their treating clinicians may not be able to answer with the most current research.

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People living with HIV who’ve had criminal legal involvement face significant challenges that complicate their ability to remain in the HIV care continuum. Many, while incarcerated, have stopped treatment, and once back in the community have been reluctant to resume ART. Why? What are the key drivers behind their disengagement from care? What can clinicians do to encourage these patients to return to treatment? What strategies have been tried, and what’s been shown to work? What does the evidence say?

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In this issue: Fatigue. It’s one of the most common complaints providers hear from their patients with MS. It interferes with virtually every aspect of a patient’s life. What can clinicians do to better identify MS fatigue? And what do they need to know to better provide management effectively tailored to each patient?

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In this issue: POMS. Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis: children and adolescents with symptoms indicating a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Are their presentations different from adult-onset MS? POMS is often associated with higher degrees of activity and inflammation early in the disease. How can clinicians most effectively confirm an early MS diagnosis in these young patients? What does the current evidence show about when to prescribe high-efficacy disease modifying therapies? What activity limitations should be placed on patients with POMS?

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Widespread use of highly effective ART has increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) to close to that of the general population. But despite highly effective viral suppression, the risks for cardiovascular diseases continue to increase in these individuals. So too do the risks of neurocognitive impairment.

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Current ART regimens can successfully manage HIV infection in nearly all PLWH. But what happens when a patient with HIV is coinfected with a dangerous pathogen ART alone cannot handle? Two of the most common are hepatitis B and latent tuberculosis infection.

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Pregnancy and menopause — for many women, these are two of the most significant healthcare events in their lives. For WLWH (women living with HIV) and their healthcare providers, managing these life-changing periods is often complicated by many questions.

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Mild asthma. For patients showing wheezing and shortness of breath on moderate exertion, it’s one of the most common diagnoses, even when breath sounds are clear and pulmonary function testing is normal.

What makes mild asthma “mild”? The key guidelines base the stage of a patient’s asthma on how difficult it is to treat. Does that mean the frequency of symptom occurrence? How often a rescue inhaler needs to be used? The frequency and severity of pulmonary exacerbations?

How should mild asthma be treated? What are the risks and benefits of short-acting beta agonists versus long-acting beta agonists versus inhaled corticosteroids? Which combinations might be appropriate for which patients?

Join us in this issue of ePulmonology Review, as Dr. Fawzy from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care discusses these and other issues important to providing the best care for patients with mild asthma.

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