
The Critical Thinker's Dictionary
Biases, Fallacies, and Illusions and What You Can Do About Them
Failed to add items
Add to Cart failed.
Add to Wish List failed.
Remove from wishlist failed.
Adding to library failed
Follow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
$0.99/mo for the first 3 months

Buy for $24.95
No default payment method selected.
We are sorry. We are not allowed to sell this product with the selected payment method
-
Narrated by:
-
Kristin James
-
By:
-
Robert Carroll
About this listen
"Know Thyself", advised the ancient Greek sages at a time when philosophers defined us as rational animals. Rationality was thought of as an ideal largely achievable by controlling the emotions and avoiding logical fallacies. Today, we know better. Biology and neuroscience have exposed the brain as a great deceiver. Unconscious biases drive us to believe and do things that the conscious mind explains in self-serving stories, making us appear more rational to ourselves than we really are. Modern science has taught us that rationality involves much more than just controlling the emotions and avoiding fallacies. Today's rational animal - what we call the critical thinker - must understand the unconscious biases that are directing many of our most important judgments and decisions. The Critical Thinker's Dictionary explores the insights of ancient and modern philosophers along with the latest findings in such fields as neuroscience and behavioral economics to lay out the many obstacles and snares that await anyone committed to a rational life. The Critical Thinker's Dictionary isn't a collection of dry definitions, but a colorful, three-dimensional portrait of the major obstacles to critical thinking and what we can do to overcome them.
©2013 Robert Todd Carroll (P)2014 Robert Todd CarrollListeners also enjoyed...
-
Word Workout
- Building a Muscular Vocabularly in 10 Easy Steps
- By: Charles Harrington Elster
- Narrated by: Charles Harrington Elster
- Length: 20 hrs and 30 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Word Workout is a practical audiobook for building vocabulary - a graduated program featuring thousands of words that begins with those known by most college graduates and ascends to words known only by the most educated, intelligent, and well-read adults. This workout is a comprehensive program, chock-full of information about synonyms, antonyms, and word origins, and replete with advice on proper usage and pronunciation.
-
-
EDUCATIONAL, ENTERTAINING, ENGROSSING, ETC.
- By Tom Dolan on 05-09-16
-
Thank You for Arguing, Third Edition
- What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson Can Teach Us About the Art of Persuasion
- By: Jay Heinrichs
- Narrated by: Jay Heinrichs
- Length: 14 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The time-tested secrets taught in this book include Cicero's three-step strategy for moving an audience to action and Honest Abe's Shameless Trick for lowering an audience's expectations. And it's also replete with contemporary techniques such as politicians' use of code language to appeal to specific groups and an eye-opening assortment of persuasive tricks, including Stalin's Timing Secret and the Yoda Technique. Whether you're an inveterate lover of language books or just want to win a lot more anger-free arguments, this audiobook is for you.
-
-
I'm on my second "listening" of this one!
- By Maria on 05-26-18
By: Jay Heinrichs
-
Conquer Logical Fallacies
- 28 Nuggets of Knowledge to Nurture Your Reasoning Skills (Critical Thinking & Logic Mastery)
- By: Thinknetic
- Narrated by: Adrian M Lopez
- Length: 3 hrs and 48 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Why do employers judge candidates on the first impression they make, even though they know it’s wrong and often misleading? Why do people smoke, drink to excess, and eat things they know are bad for them? How do normally intelligent people wind up believing fake news stories? To find out, let’s take a trip back in time to Victorian England. A famous story from the Victorian days is that women had to wear corsets. It’s debated how commonplace corsets actually were, but they squeezed a woman’s body like a snake - making the waist look smaller.
-
-
Battling Bad Arguments with Style - My New Hobby!
- By Yvone on 02-05-24
By: Thinknetic
-
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe
- How to Know What's Really Real in a World Increasingly Full of Fake
- By: Steven Novella, Bob Novella - contributor, Cara Santa Maria - contributor, and others
- Narrated by: Steven Novella
- Length: 15 hrs and 55 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe is your map through this maze of modern life. Here Dr. Steven Novella and friends will explain the tenets of skeptical thinking and debunk some of the biggest scientific myths, fallacies, and conspiracy theories - from anti-vaccines to homeopathy, UFO sightings to N-rays. You'll learn the difference between science and pseudoscience, essential critical thinking skills, ways to discuss conspiracy theories with that crazy co-worker of yours, and how to combat sloppy reasoning, bad arguments, and superstitious thinking.
-
-
Condescending & ridiculing to those who differ
- By Bookworm on 04-15-19
By: Steven Novella, and others
-
Thinking, Fast and Slow
- By: Daniel Kahneman
- Narrated by: Patrick Egan
- Length: 20 hrs and 2 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking. Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains....
-
-
Difficult Listen, but Probably a Great Read
- By Mike Kircher on 01-12-12
By: Daniel Kahneman
-
Fooled by Randomness
- The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets
- By: Nassim Nicholas Taleb
- Narrated by: Sean Pratt
- Length: 10 hrs and 3 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
This audiobook is about luck, or more precisely, how we perceive and deal with luck in life and business. It is already a landmark work, and its title has entered our vocabulary. In its second edition, Fooled by Randomness is now a cornerstone for anyone interested in random outcomes.
-
-
Pass on this one and read The Black Swan
- By Wade T. Brooks on 06-25-12
-
Word Workout
- Building a Muscular Vocabularly in 10 Easy Steps
- By: Charles Harrington Elster
- Narrated by: Charles Harrington Elster
- Length: 20 hrs and 30 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Word Workout is a practical audiobook for building vocabulary - a graduated program featuring thousands of words that begins with those known by most college graduates and ascends to words known only by the most educated, intelligent, and well-read adults. This workout is a comprehensive program, chock-full of information about synonyms, antonyms, and word origins, and replete with advice on proper usage and pronunciation.
-
-
EDUCATIONAL, ENTERTAINING, ENGROSSING, ETC.
- By Tom Dolan on 05-09-16
-
Thank You for Arguing, Third Edition
- What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson Can Teach Us About the Art of Persuasion
- By: Jay Heinrichs
- Narrated by: Jay Heinrichs
- Length: 14 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The time-tested secrets taught in this book include Cicero's three-step strategy for moving an audience to action and Honest Abe's Shameless Trick for lowering an audience's expectations. And it's also replete with contemporary techniques such as politicians' use of code language to appeal to specific groups and an eye-opening assortment of persuasive tricks, including Stalin's Timing Secret and the Yoda Technique. Whether you're an inveterate lover of language books or just want to win a lot more anger-free arguments, this audiobook is for you.
-
-
I'm on my second "listening" of this one!
- By Maria on 05-26-18
By: Jay Heinrichs
-
Conquer Logical Fallacies
- 28 Nuggets of Knowledge to Nurture Your Reasoning Skills (Critical Thinking & Logic Mastery)
- By: Thinknetic
- Narrated by: Adrian M Lopez
- Length: 3 hrs and 48 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Why do employers judge candidates on the first impression they make, even though they know it’s wrong and often misleading? Why do people smoke, drink to excess, and eat things they know are bad for them? How do normally intelligent people wind up believing fake news stories? To find out, let’s take a trip back in time to Victorian England. A famous story from the Victorian days is that women had to wear corsets. It’s debated how commonplace corsets actually were, but they squeezed a woman’s body like a snake - making the waist look smaller.
-
-
Battling Bad Arguments with Style - My New Hobby!
- By Yvone on 02-05-24
By: Thinknetic
-
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe
- How to Know What's Really Real in a World Increasingly Full of Fake
- By: Steven Novella, Bob Novella - contributor, Cara Santa Maria - contributor, and others
- Narrated by: Steven Novella
- Length: 15 hrs and 55 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe is your map through this maze of modern life. Here Dr. Steven Novella and friends will explain the tenets of skeptical thinking and debunk some of the biggest scientific myths, fallacies, and conspiracy theories - from anti-vaccines to homeopathy, UFO sightings to N-rays. You'll learn the difference between science and pseudoscience, essential critical thinking skills, ways to discuss conspiracy theories with that crazy co-worker of yours, and how to combat sloppy reasoning, bad arguments, and superstitious thinking.
-
-
Condescending & ridiculing to those who differ
- By Bookworm on 04-15-19
By: Steven Novella, and others
-
Thinking, Fast and Slow
- By: Daniel Kahneman
- Narrated by: Patrick Egan
- Length: 20 hrs and 2 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking. Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains....
-
-
Difficult Listen, but Probably a Great Read
- By Mike Kircher on 01-12-12
By: Daniel Kahneman
-
Fooled by Randomness
- The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets
- By: Nassim Nicholas Taleb
- Narrated by: Sean Pratt
- Length: 10 hrs and 3 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
This audiobook is about luck, or more precisely, how we perceive and deal with luck in life and business. It is already a landmark work, and its title has entered our vocabulary. In its second edition, Fooled by Randomness is now a cornerstone for anyone interested in random outcomes.
-
-
Pass on this one and read The Black Swan
- By Wade T. Brooks on 06-25-12
-
Pre-Suasion
- Channeling Attention for Change
- By: Robert B. Cialdini
- Narrated by: John Bedford Lloyd
- Length: 9 hrs and 24 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The author of the legendary best seller Influence, social psychologist Robert Cialdini, shines a light on effective persuasion and reveals that the secret doesn't lie in the message itself but in the key moment before that message is delivered.
-
-
Clever and Useful
- By David on 01-02-17
-
The Drunkard's Walk
- How Randomness Rules Our Lives
- By: Leonard Mlodinow
- Narrated by: Sean Pratt
- Length: 9 hrs and 19 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In this irreverent and illuminating audiobook, acclaimed writer and scientist Leonard Mlodinow shows us how randomness, chance, and probability reveal a tremendous amount about our daily lives, and how we misunderstand the significance of everything from a casual conversation to a major financial setback. As a result, successes and failures in life are often attributed to clear and obvious causes, when in actuality they are more profoundly influenced by chance.
-
-
Interested in statistics? This is the book.
- By Robert on 02-21-14
By: Leonard Mlodinow
-
The Moral Landscape
- How Science Can Determine Human Values
- By: Sam Harris
- Narrated by: Sam Harris
- Length: 6 hrs and 48 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In this explosive new book, Sam Harris tears down the wall between scientific facts and human values, arguing that most people are simply mistaken about the relationship between morality and the rest of human knowledge. Harris urges us to think about morality in terms of human and animal well-being, viewing the experiences of conscious creatures as peaks and valleys on a "moral landscape".
-
-
Read it
- By Paul on 11-23-10
By: Sam Harris
-
The Great Mental Models
- General Thinking Concepts
- By: Shane Parrish
- Narrated by: Shane Parrish
- Length: 3 hrs and 23 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Great Mental Models: General Thinking Concepts is the first book in The Great Mental Models series designed to upgrade your thinking with the best, most useful and powerful tools so you always have the right one on hand. This volume details nine of the most versatile all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making, your productivity, and how clearly you see the world.
-
-
A dissapointing debut
- By Peter on 04-14-19
By: Shane Parrish
-
The Book of Why
- The New Science of Cause and Effect
- By: Judea Pearl, Dana Mackenzie
- Narrated by: Mel Foster
- Length: 15 hrs and 14 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
"Correlation does not imply causation". This mantra has been invoked by scientists for decades and has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. But today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, sparked by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and placed causality - the study of cause and effect - on a firm scientific basis.
-
-
Great book! Not a great audiobook.
- By rrwright on 05-30-18
By: Judea Pearl, and others
-
Blindspot
- By: Mahzarin R. Banaji, Anthony G. Greenwald
- Narrated by: Eric Jason Martin
- Length: 7 hrs and 51 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
I know my own mind. I am able to assess others in a fair and accurate way. These self-perceptions are challenged by leading psychologists Mahzarin R. Banaji and Anthony G. Greenwald as they explore the hidden biases we all carry from a lifetime of exposure to cultural attitudes about age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, social class, sexuality, disability status, and nationality. Blindspot is the authors’ metaphor for the portion of the mind that houses hidden biases.
-
-
Difficult to interpret.
- By Ryan Arnold on 12-21-15
By: Mahzarin R. Banaji, and others
-
The Believing Brain
- From Ghosts and Gods to Politics and Conspiracies - How We Construct Beliefs and Reinforce Them as Truths
- By: Michael Shermer
- Narrated by: Michael Shermer
- Length: 13 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In this, his magnum opus, the world’s best known skeptic and critical thinker Dr. Michael Shermer—founding publisher of Skeptic magazine and perennial monthly columnist (“Skeptic”) for Scientific American—presents his comprehensive theory on how beliefs are born, formed, nourished, reinforced, challenged, changed, and extinguished.
-
-
A reader's digest version of many other good books
- By K. S. on 06-29-11
By: Michael Shermer
-
You Are Now Less Dumb
- How to Conquer Mob Mentality, How to Buy Happiness, and All the Other Ways to Outsmart Yourself
- By: David McRaney
- Narrated by: Don Hagen
- Length: 8 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
You Are Now Less Dumb is grounded in the idea that we all believe ourselves to be objective observers of reality - except we’re not. But that's okay, because our delusions keep us sane. Expanding on this premise, McRaney provides eye-opening analyses of 15 more ways we fool ourselves every day. This smart and highly entertaining audiobook will be wowing listeners for years to come.
-
-
Not a lot of guidance
- By A. Yoshida on 02-08-14
By: David McRaney
-
The Death of Expertise
- The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why It Matters
- By: Tom Nichols
- Narrated by: Sean Pratt
- Length: 8 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
People are now exposed to more information than ever before, provided both by technology and by increasing access to every level of education. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything and all voices demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism.
-
-
Disappointing
- By iKlick on 09-10-17
By: Tom Nichols
-
Breaking the Spell
- Religion as a Natural Phenomenon
- By: Daniel C. Dennett
- Narrated by: Dennis Holland
- Length: 12 hrs and 19 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
For all the thousands of books that have been written about religion, few until this one have attempted to examine it scientifically: to ask why - and how - it has shaped so many lives so strongly. Is religion a product of blind evolutionary instinct or rational choice? Is it truly the best way to live a moral life? Ranging through biology, history, and psychology, Daniel C. Dennett charts religion’s evolution from “wild” folk belief to “domesticated” dogma.
-
-
Great Reader Actually Enhances A Great Book!
- By Don Caliente on 07-14-14
-
The Invisible Gorilla
- And Other Ways Our Intuitions Deceive Us
- By: Christopher Chabris, Daniel Simons
- Narrated by: Dan Woren
- Length: 9 hrs and 20 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Reading this book will make you less sure of yourself - and thats a good thing. In The Invisible Gorilla, Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons, creators of one of psychology's most famous experiments, use remarkable stories and counterintuitive scientific findings to demonstrate an important truth: Our minds dont work the way we think they do. We think we see ourselves and the world as they really are, but were actually missing a whole lot.
-
-
What Gorillas Are We Missing?
- By Joshua Kim on 06-10-12
By: Christopher Chabris, and others
-
Against Empathy
- The Case for Rational Compassion
- By: Paul Bloom
- Narrated by: Karen Cass
- Length: 7 hrs and 30 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Most people, including many policy makers, activists, scientists, and philosophers, have encouraged us to be more empathetic - to feel the pain and pleasure of others. Yale researcher and author Paul Bloom argues that this is a mistake. Far from leading us to improve the lives of others, empathy is a capricious and irrational emotion that appeals to our narrow prejudices. It muddles our judgment and often leads to cruelty. We are at our best when we are smart enough not to rely on it and draw upon a more distanced compassion.
-
-
Starts strong, fizzles out.
- By Tristan on 04-04-17
By: Paul Bloom
What listeners say about The Critical Thinker's Dictionary
Average customer ratingsReviews - Please select the tabs below to change the source of reviews.
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
- dman555
- 11-27-16
Excellent book on rational thought
In the words of Ludwig Wittgenstein, "Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent." This book is an account of a thought process based within logical reasoning and evidence based rationale. It was a pleasure to listen to.
Something went wrong. Please try again in a few minutes.
You voted on this review!
You reported this review!
2 people found this helpful
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
- Amazon Customer
- 02-16-19
Hard to get through
I guess I was too familiar with the topic so there wasn't much meat on the bone to learn from. if you are starting from scratch on fallacies then it is probably a good jumping off point as they cover most of them.
Something went wrong. Please try again in a few minutes.
You voted on this review!
You reported this review!
-
Overall
- WalterWhite
- 02-05-16
Annoying
In a book about critical thinking, I would expect the author to present and analyze facts but steer away from overly including their own beliefs. The author's political and religious views are engrained in every page of this book. This gets annoying after a while. I do not expect the author to share my beliefs and political views, but at the same time if the topic of religion and politics is going to come up this often, the book loses its value as an impartial source of objective learning and pure science. The author takes the same route religious extremists take, except that this is about non-religious extremism.
Something went wrong. Please try again in a few minutes.
You voted on this review!
You reported this review!
19 people found this helpful
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
- John Z
- 09-05-17
Good collection of work but biased framing of examples
This is a good collection and overview of other people's research in the field of human behavior and common cognitive fallacies. I just wish the author didn't frame most of the examples around his personal political beliefs and therefore potentially expose listeners/readers to his own cognitive fallacies.
Something went wrong. Please try again in a few minutes.
You voted on this review!
You reported this review!
2 people found this helpful